The livestock industry will reach a revenue of 33 billion USD in 2023. However, foreign giants are dominating the market share, while household farming is gradually decreasing, shifting to joint farming or rented farming.
At the conference "Promoting sustainable pig farming development", on the morning of August 14, Mr. Pham Kim Dang - Deputy Director of the Department of Livestock (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development) - said that the growth value of the livestock industry in 2023 is estimated at 5.72%, with revenue of over 33 billion USD for the whole industry, contributing 26% to the agricultural GDP and over 5% of our country's GDP.
In which, pig farming is still the main livestock sector, accounting for over 62% of the total output of fresh meat from livestock produced domestically.
In Vietnam, pig farming is identified as a key and important industry. The products of this industry not only meet the needs of 100 million people but are also the livelihood of millions of farming households in our country..
Notably, from the previous small-scale, self-sufficient pig farming, in 2023, Vietnam is known as a country with the 5th largest pig farming industry in the world in terms of head and 6th in meat output.
In recent years, the pig farming industry has fluctuated strongly in both herd and price, due to the impact of African swine fever and the skyrocketing price of animal feed ingredients.
According to the General Statistics Office, the total number of pigs sold in 2019 reached nearly 48.2 million, by 2023 it had increased to 52.9 million, with pork output reaching over 4.8 million tons.
The total number of pigs in the country as of the end of June this year is estimated to reach nearly 25.55 million, an increase of about 2.9% over the same period last year. The output of live pigs reached 2,535.8 tons, up 5.1% over the same period in 2023.
However, the report of the Department of Livestock also pointed out that the structure of the livestock industry is shifting strongly towards a decrease in small-scale farming in households and a sharp increase in professional farming households and large-scale farms. The reason is that small-scale farming households cannot compete in terms of price, quality, and food safety.
In the past 5 years, the rate of household farming has decreased by 5-7%/year, in 2019 and 2022 alone, small-scale farming facilities decreased by 15-20%. Currently, the output of pigs produced in small-scale farms has decreased to 35-40%; the output of pigs produced in professional households and farms accounts for 60-65%.
The structure of pork supply in 2022-2023 shows that domestic enterprises only account for about 19%, livestock households account for 38%, and FDI enterprises account for 43% (according to a report by Vietcombank Securities). That is, the "foreign giants" in this industry are dominating the market share.
Not only that, in the industrial mixed feed production sector, FDI enterprises account for about 60%, while domestic enterprises account for only 40% in terms of production output.
Large domestic livestock enterprises (such as Dabaco, Masan, Tan Long, Thien Thuan Truong, Mavin, Greenfeed, Truong Hai, Hoa Phat...) and foreign ones (CP, Japfa Comfeed, New Hope, CJ, Emivest, Cargill...) are building and gradually forming a chain-linked farm system.
"This is the step to shift the livestock structure to gradually modernize this industry," Mr. Dang emphasized.
In reality, in recent years, the livestock industry has had to face complicated disease developments and "price storms" of animal feed ingredients. Meanwhile, the price of live pigs for slaughter has been unstable, and for a long time the selling price has been "at rock bottom", causing livestock households to suffer heavy losses and have to switch to raising poultry or raising pigs for hire for large enterprises.
The leader of the Department of Livestock Production affirmed that small-scale household livestock farming will not be completely lost, because it is the livelihood of millions of livestock households that have been formed for generations. However, small-scale farmers who want to stand firm must join together to increase their strength to become members of groups, cooperatives or associate with businesses.
If they want to stand firm independently, livestock households must raise livestock professionally or raise rare, valuable specialties, organic and ecological livestock associated with tourism.
In particular, the livestock industry in the world is experiencing many fluctuations, and is forecast to continue to develop in 2024 and the following years. There are new trends in pig farming and these trends will impact Vietnam's livestock industry if it wants to develop sustainably, Mr. Dang noted.
At the conference, Deputy Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development Phung Duc Tien said that in the food basket, pork accounts for 65% of the CPI. Pork prices are currently at a fairly high level, bringing profits to livestock farmers and businesses after a period of losses.
Therefore, the livestock industry requires both ensuring growth, food supply, and ensuring farmers make a profit, but we also need to have drastic and timely solutions soon so that the CPI index increases at a reasonable level, harmonizing the interests between farmers and consumers, contributing to improving people's lives, Mr. Tien emphasized.
(vietnamnet.vn)
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